On July 17, 2026, GW Law’s Christopher Yukins presented on international procurement developments to senior attorneys and procurement officials in Pristina, Kosovo. The program was run by the U.S. Department of Commerce’s Commercial Law Development Program (CLDP).
The session was coordinated by Shaya Tavafand Melinda Zanner of CLDP and joined by Caroline Nicholas, who, as a member of the secretariat, played a key role in developing the 2011 version of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Public Procurement.
European Commission Office, Pristina
The session looked to Kosovo’s e-procurement system, the nation’s existing procurement law and regulations, and potential changes in the European Union’s procurement guidance. Kosovo is seeking admission to the European Union as a Member State. As part of that process, Kosovo has an association agreement with the EU, under which (per Article 79) Kosovo promises generally to follow the EU’s lead in procurement regulation.
Author’s note: In May 2026, New York City Mayor Zohran Mamdani announced the appointment of the Commission on Government Efficiency, or COGE, a Charter Revision Commission tasked with making City government work better. Led by Chair Patrick Gaspard (see video below), COGE will examine how the New York City Charter can be amended to improve the City’s government. These comments were submitted to the July 6, 2026 hearing dedicated to procurement issues, held on Staten Island.
To the Members of the Commission on Government Efficiency:
My Background: I serve as the Lynn David Research Professor in Government Procurement Law at George Washington University Law School in Washington, D.C., one of the leading public procurement law programs in the world. I have taught at GW Law since 2002, including on state and municipal procurement law. My comments here reflect my own views and do not represent those of GW Law or any other institution.
I have extensive ties to New York City. I am a member of the New York State bar, and I served as a judicial clerk to Judge Lawrence W. Pierce of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in Manhattan. My wife and I lived in New York for many years, as I practiced law there and she served as a dean of graduate schools of education in New York City.
Model Procurement Code (MPC): I work on a number of procurement law initiatives, both nationally and internationally. I previously served as an advisor to the U.S. delegation in a sweeping reform of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Public Procurement. I also serve as the Academic Advisor to an ongoing reform of the 2000 American Bar Association (ABA) Model Procurement Code(MPC), which is coordinated by the ABA Public Contract Law Section, the National Association of State Procurement Officials (NASPO) and Partners for Public Good.
Since it was first adopted in 1979, the ABA Model Procurement Code has guided public procurement laws across the United States. According to the Model Procurement Code Revision Project more than 20 states, from New Mexico to South Carolina, have enacted legislation based on the MPC. Many other major governments – including New York City – have relied on the Model Procurement Code as a guiding standard to promote best‑value procurement and the ethical stewardship of taxpayer dollars.
Commission’s Potential Procurement Reforms: As the Commission’s preliminary report pointed out, the last major reform of the City’s charter in 1989 drew directly on the ABA Model Procurement Code. The Model Procurement Code was subsequently overhauled in 2000, and as noted is now being reformed again. Those changes to the Model Procurement Code may help inform the Commission’s proposed amendments to the chapter in the City’s Charter which addresses procurement.
Chairman Patrick Gaspard
The Commission’s preliminary report suggested a number of potential reforms to the City’s $50 billion contracting system in response to public concerns. Those reforms often intersect with changes considered under the Model Procurement Code and around the world.
Reducing Paperwork: The Commission’s preliminary report suggested that, to reduce burdens on small businesses and other vendors, the Commission may consider streamlining vendors’ qualification questionnaires. Because vendors typically work in broader markets, the City could draw on other governments’ initiatives to share contractor qualification information (including anti-corruption information and past performance data). The City, following a model being developed in the European Union, could use other governments’ qualification information to reduce vendors’ burdens while at the same time reducing the City’s own performance and corruption risks. The Open Contracting Partnership, among others, is working closely with governments across the world (and the United States, including Portland and Boston) to make procurement data publicly available and machine-readable – cornerstones to efficiency, accountability and a healthy public procurement system.
Eliminating a requirement for public hearings: The Commission suggested eliminating required public hearings before certain contract awards (see Section 326 of the Charter). If, as discussed above, the City follows the global trend towards open contracting – making critical procurement information publicly available – the current comment period will be far more efficient than public hearings.
Delegating authority to contracting officials: The Commission’s preliminary report recommended that the Mayor be permitted to delegate procurement approvals to agency chief contracting officers. This would echo a nationwide trend to giving contracting officials more authority, to allow them to innovate and to be more responsive to the needs of government users and the public. The Model Procurement Code’s current reforms are, at their core, driven by the advancing professionalization of procurement officials, and New York City could improve procurement outcomes by embracing that trend. In practical terms that means (among other things) investing in the professional advancement of procurement officials, through training offered by NASPO, NIGP, the National Contract Management Association (NCMA) and other professional training providers.
NYC Procurement – FY2025
Innovation and Procurement: The Commission’s preliminary report noted the need to reform procurement “to better match the challenge of acquiring effective technology, strengthening the City’s in-house roster of technologists, and breaking down IT barriers across City agencies and functions.” In the procurement community, this policy question breaks down into three inter-related components: (i) innovation in procurement (improved procurement processes to buy better technology); (ii) procurement of innovation (buying the best technology); and (iii) procurement for innovation (using public procurement to spur cutting-edge technologies in the broader economy). The Commission may want to consider reforms from each of these perspectives. Improving procurement processes to welcome new market entrants, for example, may make it easier for New York City to access new technologies and could boost high technology start-up firms in the City.
Streamlining Reports: The Commission’s preliminary report suggests that the Charter might be amended to reduce unnecessary reports by City procurement officials. First, the Commission suggests that the Charter’s requirement that the Procurement Policy Board “submit an annual report . . . setting forth the professional standards for agency contracting officers . . . including any applicable certification process” is outdated and could be replaced by more modern methods of training and certification. The Trump administration’s “Revolutionary FAR Overhaul” has done extensive work in this area. Federal reformers have developed “practitioner albums” that can be readily updated to meet procurement officials’ evolving needs for training and guidance; New York City may want to follow a similar approach.
Second, the Commission suggested that the forward-looking plans and hearings required by the Charter for client services contracting could be streamlined. (This streamlining may be especially appropriate because the City’s procurement regulations separately require that, before a client services solicitation is issued, a “concept plan” be published.) Publishing plans for future procurement is a sound practice, but as the Guide to Enactment which accompanies Article 6 of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law’s model law explains:
The purpose of [non-mandatory publication] is to highlight the importance of proper procurement planning for procuring entities and suppliers and contractors alike. The article recommends the publication of information on future procurement, which may contribute to transparency throughout the procurement process and eliminate any advantageous position of suppliers or contractors that might otherwise gain access to procurement planning phases in a non-transparent way.
Thus it makes sense to call for advance notice of distant procurements only when doing so would enhance the integrity of the competitive process or would provide essential transparency to vendors, client communities and the broader public.
Conclusion: Thank you again for this opportunity to submit comments on these important reforms. Should you or your staff have any questions, please feel free to reach out to me through the background link noted above.
Author’s Note: The July 7, 2026 supplemental comments below followed up on the Commission hearing, and focused on strategies for reducing delays in procurement.
The majority of the testimony at yesterday’s hearing came from non-profit contractors that provide social services – such as housing for persons without homes – to the City of New York. Those contractors voiced one recurring complaint with the City’s procurement system: delays in contract awards and payments. When they presented, the City’s contracting officials also discussed extensive efforts that the City has made to shorten procurement time cycles. When my turn came to address the Commission, the Chairman put that same issue to me: what can New York City learn from other systems so as to reduce these procurement delays?
One very thorough study of procurement delays was done in 2024 by the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) (GAO Report No. 24-106528) regarding delays in federal procurement. GAO focused on strategies used to reduce the time from solicitation to contract award, which is referred to as “procurement administrative lead time” (PALT).
In that study, GAO noted that the U.S. Office of Management and Budget had issued a policy memorandum in 2021 outlining a series of measures agencies can use to reduce PALT. While New York City has adopted many of those strategies (such as monitoring contracting delays across the enterprise), the Commission may wish to consider other innovative approaches, such as using vendor video presentations to streamline competitions. In a subsequent presentation on its report, GAO emphasized that these innovative strategies must be combined with agency-wide monitoring and accountability in order to reduce delays in the procurement process.
Thank you again for allowing me to submit supplemental comments on the Commission’s important work.
Professor Folliot-Lalliot’s Class at University of Paris – Nanterre
Teaching at the University of Paris – Nanterre
After the symposium on procurement-for-innovation in Paris on December 4, 2025, GW Law’s Professor Christopher Yukins again joined Professor Laurence Folliot-Lalliot’s class at the University of Paris-Nanterre on December 8-10 to offer an “Introduction to U.S. Procurement Law” (slides: Days 1-2 and Day 3).
Meeting at OECD on Procurement Updates
On December 11, 2025 professors from the academic network “Public Contracts in Legal Globalization” (including Professor Yukins) met with Paolo Magina and his procurement policy colleagues at the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to discuss (among other things) potential updates to the OECD 2015 Procurement Recommendation.
Meeting of Public Contracts International Academic Network
Cité internationale universitaire de Paris
On Friday, December 12 professors from the “Public Contracts in Legal Globalization” network met, coordinated by Professor Laurence Folliot-Lalliot (University of Paris/Nanterre) and kindly hosted by Professor Stephane de la Rosa (Professeur de droit à l’Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC) – Chaire Jean Monnet), at the Cité internationale universitaire de Paris to discuss “Public procurement at a crossroads – Geopolitical changes, normative shifts” (La commande publique à la croisée des chemins – Transformations géopolitiques, mutations normatives).
Prof. Laurence Folliot-Lalliot and Prof. Stephane de la Rosa
Professor Daniel Schoeni (U. Dayton/GW Law) and Prof. Yukins presented on “America First Trade Policy and Trump Tariff Updates” (slides), as part of a broader panel on international trade and procurement led by Professors Laurence Folliot-Lalliot and Stephane de la Rosa. A complete program for the day’s international workshop is available here.
From 5-7 March 2025, South Korea’s Public Procurement Service hosted an extraordinary conference featuring centralized purchasing agencies from over half of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member states, from North America, Europe and Asia. The conference presentations, available for download here, addressed next steps for central purchasing bodies, including in sustainability, procurement-for-innovation and artificial intelligence (AI). The program was kindly coordinated by Paulo Magina and Erika Bozzay of the OECD, and was led by Korean Public Procurement Service (PPS) Administrator Lim Ki-keun (left center front in photo below).
On December 9-11, 2024, GW Law’s Christopher Yukins met with classes of Professor Laurence Folliot Lalliot at the University of Paris – Nanterre, to discuss U.S. and comparative public procurement.
On November 14, 2024, GW Law student Justin Duffy (JD Class of 2025) presented on reverse auctions across the U.S. states. He discussed the recent federal rule endorsing electronic reverse auctions (prior webinar), and a proposed federal rule which would bar reverse auctions for construction services. Drawing from the strengths and weaknesses of those federal rules, Justin reviewed reverse auctions in various states’ procurement systems — noting which states are ahead of and behind the federal regulations, and what a provision on reverse auctions might look like in the ABA Model Procurement Code, which is undergoing an update. He was joined by Ben Koberna, who has many years of practical experience in implementing reverse auctions across the United States and the world.
Professor Daein Kim of Ewha Women’s University’s School of Law (Seoul) is visiting Washington with a team of fellow researchers from South Korea to share lessons learned on humanitarian assistance in fragile states. Professor Kim previously visited George Washington University Law School as a Visiting Scholar, and he is a long-time friend of GW Law’s Government Procurement Law Program.
The team’s visit is part of a broader initiative in South Korea to expand foreign aid. As an October 2024 article in the Korea Timesexplained:
The [South Korean] government is expanding financial support to developing countries, with its goal of becoming one of the world’s top 10 donors of official development assistance (ODA) before the end of President Yoon Suk Yeol’s term.
A main source of financing for international development assistance, ODA is government aid designed to promote the economic well-being and welfare of developing countries.
The areas of the country’s support range from the fight against climate change to the energy transition, agricultural transformation, education, digital technology and knowledge sharing.
Such support is being made in partnership with international organizations, such as the United Nations (U.N.) as well as Korea’s decade-long foreign assistance programs such as the Economic Development Cooperation Fund (EDCF).
Professor Kim and his team will be meeting with leaders in the procurement and aid communities in the United States to discuss how contracts, grants and cooperative agreements can be used to make foreign assistance more efficient and effective.
David Drabkin and Christopher Yukins presented on October 3, 2024 at the International Public Procurement Conference 9, a regular event which was held this year in the emirate of Umm Al Quwain in the United Arab Emirates. (Because of a surge in armed hostilities in the Gulf, they presented virtually.) Messrs. Drabkin and Yukins discussed the congressionally mandated reports they did on bid protests and mandatory debarment for labor violations, through Stevens Institute of Technology’s Acquisition Innovation Research Center; those studies, they explained, are examples of how, as the OECD has noted, public procurement can be seen more broadly as a form of risk management.
